Geografía ambiental en Boyacá: bosques, áreas protegidas y glaciares
Palabras clave:
´´Areas protegidas, Boyacá, Deshielo glaciar, Ecorregiones, Estadística espacial, Índice de Riesgo de la Conservación de BosquesSinopsis
El presente libro consta de cuatro capítulos que abordan la dinámica boscosa y sus conductores, la función de las áreas protegidas en la conservación de los bosques y, finalmente, el deshielo glaciar en el departamento de Boyacá. La dinámica boscosa y sus conductores se estudian inicialmente para 2001-2010 con un sensor de teledetección de resolución espacial grueso como lo es el MODIS. En el Capítulo 2 se estudia tan solo la variación boscosa entre 2009-2015, pero con un sensor de mediana resolución espacial como LANDSAT, además se calculan algunas métricas de ecología del paisaje. Para sorpresa de muchos, Boyacá presentó una ganancia boscosa superior a la deforestación para ambos periodos, aunque en la última ventana de observación esta ganancia boscosa se desaceleró. En el capítulo 3 se examina cuál ha sido el papel de las áreas protegidas a todo nivel, desde las reservas de la sociedad civil, parques municipales y regionales, hasta las áreas protegidas nacionales en el concierto de la protección de la cobertura boscosa. Los resultados son indicativos de ganancia boscosa en todas las ecorregiones presentes en el departamento. Las áreas protegidas nacionales y las reservas de la sociedad civil contribuyeron a conservar la cobertura boscosa, pero no así las áreas protegidas municipales y regionales. Adicionalmente, hubo un aumento de las áreas protegidas a nivel regional y local, que generó una reducción de presión en la cobertura boscosa en los términos de medición del Índice de Riesgo de Conservación de Bosques. El Capítulo 4 estudia el deshielo de la Sierra Nevada del Cocuy y estima que este glaciar, el más grande de Colombia, se extinguirá en su totalidad para mediados del presente siglo si la actual tendencia continúa
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